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When you have several Linux and BSD boxes or help several people administer theirs, you often have to deal with different distributions and their package managers. This table is a cheat sheet to answer the frequent question "how do you do that under that distribution again?".
| Action | Redhat/Rocky | Debian/Ubuntu | Arch | Void | Gentoo | FreeBSD | OpenBSD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Install package | dnf install <package> | apt install <package> | pacman -S <package> | xbps-install <package> | emerge <package> | pkg install <package> | pkg_add <package> |
| Install package file | rpm -i <package file> | dpkg -i <package file> | pacman -U <package file> | xbps-install <package file> (?) | — | pkg install <package file> | ? |
| Uninstall package | rpm -e <package> | apt remove <package> | pacman -R <package> | xbps-remove <package> | emerge --depclean <package> | pkg delete <package> | pkg_delete <package> |
| Show package description | rpm -qi <package> | apt show <package> | pacman -Si <package> | xbps-query <package> | emerge -s %^<package>$ | pkg search -f -e <package> | pkg_info <package> |
| Search for available package by substring | dnf list \*<string>\* | apt search <string> | pacman -Ss <string> | xbps-query -R -s <string> | emerge -s <string> | pkg search <string> | pkg_info -Q <string> |
| List installed packages | rpm -qa | dpkg -l -a | pacman -Q | xbps-query -l | equery list \* | pkg info | pkg_info -a |
| Search for installed package by substring | dnf list --installed \*<string>\* | dpkg -l '*<string>*' | pacman -Qs <string> | xbps-query -s <string> | equery list '*<string>*' | pkg info -x -i <string> | pkg_info -a | grep <string> |
| Find installed package containing file | rpm -qf <file> | dpkg -S <file> | pacman -Qo <file> | xbps-query -o <file> | equery belongs <file> | pkg which <file> | pkg_info -E <file> pkg_locate <file> |
| List files in package | rpm -ql <package> | dpkg -L <package> | pacman -Qlq <package> | xbps-query -f <package> | equery files <package> | pkg info -l <package> | pkg_info -L <package> |
| Find available package containing file | dnf repoquery -f <path> | apt-file find <path> | pkgfile <path> | xbps-query -R -o <path> | ? | ? | ? |
| List package dependencies | dnf repoquery --deplist <package> | apt-cache showpkg <package> | pactree <package> | xbps-query -x <package> | equery depgraph <package> | pkg info -d <package> | (pkg_info -S <package>) |
| List reverse dependencies | dnf repoquery --whatdepends <package> | apt-cache showpkg <package> | pactree -r <package> | xbps-query -X <package> | equery depends <package> | pkg info -r <package> | pkg_info -R <package> |
For a more extensive one-to-one comparison of Linux package managers, see the
"Pacman Rosetta" at the
Arch Linux wiki.